Nutrigenomics studies the interaction between diet and an individual’s genetic predisposition, with respect to metabolic health outcomes and risk for obesity. Genetic variants can affect metabolism of nutrients, energy balance, and fat accumulation; thus, some individuals are highly prone to weight gain under certain dietary circumstances. This area of research includes the study of how gene-diet interactions are associated with obesity, including mediated events related to appetite control, metabolism of lipids, and insulin response. Findings from nutrigenomics inform the development of targeted and personalized nutrition to address or prevent obesity risks based on their genetic traits. Developing a better understanding of nutrigenomics in obesity can tap into the precision nutrition movement that results in positive metabolic outcomes and lower risk for obesity-related comorbidities (e.g. type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome).
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