The microbiota-gut-brain axis is being recognized as an important pathway for the prevention and treatment of obesity by connecting gut microbial communities to neuroendocrine and metabolic regulation. The communication between the gut microbiome, the central nervous system, and hormone signals interacts to shape and influence appetite, satiety, energy balance, and nutrient absorption. Emerging therapeutic approaches focused on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, such as probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, and microbiome-modulating pharmacotherapy, are showing promise for obesity management and metabolic health. The exploration of how microbial diversity and microbial metabolites interface and interact with related neural circuits support the introduction of new opportunities for personalized therapies in obesity. This session will address research at the cutting-edge of this field, translational studies, and the clinical applicability of a gut-brain axis-informed approach to deliver new, individualized, and cutting-edge obesity treatment methodologies.