Immune–metabolic crosstalk encompasses the interplay between immunology and metabolism, which is critical in maintaining homeostasis. In the state of obesity, the adipose tissue becomes an area of chronic low-grade inflammation, where immune cells such as T cells and macrophages modify metabolic tissues specifically through insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. A disruption of immune–metabolic crosstalk ultimately contributes to metabolic dysregulation of disease such as the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Insights into the mechanisms of immune metabolic interaction provide knowledge into therapeutics that can mitigate inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. As more studies in the immunometabolism rapidly approach that contribute to modifications of the immune response to improve energy homeostasis, mitigate obesity-induced inflammation and provide additional improvements to metabolic health.
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