The Gut Microbiome and Obesity session will examine the multifaceted relationships between gut microbial communities and host metabolism that impact body weight and obesity risk. Sessions will delve into the relationship between gut dysbiosis and inflammation, energy harvest, insulin resistance, and metabolic sequelae. Evidence-based recommendations to modulate the microbiome, either through diet, prebiotics, probiotics, and lifestyle modification strategies to reduce weight and promote metabolic health, will be presented. Clinicians and scientists will discuss the most recent data and clinical experiences on human gut microbes and their implications for obesity, including their potential as therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment of obesity.